---
title: These qualifications include that a candidate needs to be a person a… — Singapore · tree and pragmatics
description: These qualifications include that a candidate needs to be a person at least 45 years of age who is no longer a member of a political party, to either have held public office for at least 3 years in a number of specific public service leadership roles, or to have 3 years experience as chief executive
---

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# Singapore, sentence 209

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From Wikipedia, [«Singapore»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singapore), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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These qualifications include that a candidate needs to be a person at least 45 years of age who is no longer a member of a political party, to either have held public office for at least 3 years in a number of specific public service leadership roles, or to have 3 years experience as chief executive of a fully profitable private sector company with at least S$500 million in shareholders' equity, be a resident in Singapore for at least 10 years, not have a criminal record, and more.

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**Who acts:** qualifications, candidate, age, 3 years · **What happens:** include, need, be, hold, have, experience · **To what, where:** person, member, public office, number, resident, Singapore

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Singapore». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (qualifications, candidate, age, 3 years), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Singapore:209
# text = These qualifications include that a candidate needs to be a person at least 45 years of age who is no longer a member of a political party, to either have held public office for at least 3 years in a number of specific public service leadership roles, or to have 3 years experience as chief executive of a fully profitable private sector company with at least S$500 million in shareholders' equity, be a resident in Singapore for at least 10 years, not have a criminal record, and more.
1	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	qualifications	qualification	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	include	include	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	candidate	candidate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	cop	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	xcomp	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	14	nmod	_	_
14	45	45	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
20	no	no	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	23	advmod	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	member	member	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	acl:relcl	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	political	political	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	to	to	PART	TO	_	32	mark	_	_
30	either	either	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc:preconj	_	_
31	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	aux	_	_
32	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	acl	_	_
33	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	office	office	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
35	for	for	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
36	at	at	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	38	nmod	_	_
38	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	39	nummod	_	_
39	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obl	_	_
40	in	in	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
44	specific	specific	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	amod	_	_
45	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	46	amod	_	_
46	service	service	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	compound	_	_
47	leadership	leadership	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	compound	_	_
48	roles	role	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	52	punct	_	_
50	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	52	cc	_	_
51	to	to	PART	TO	_	52	mark	_	_
52	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	48	acl:relcl	_	_
53	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	54	nummod	_	_
54	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	55	nsubj	_	_
55	experience	experience	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	52	parataxis	_	_
56	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	58	mark	_	_
57	chief	chief	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	58	amod	_	_
58	executive	executive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	55	ccomp	_	_
59	of	of	ADP	IN	_	65	case	_	_
60	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	65	det	_	_
61	fully	fully	ADV	RB	_	62	advmod	_	_
62	profitable	profitable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	65	amod	_	_
63	private	private	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	65	amod	_	_
64	sector	sector	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	65	compound	_	_
65	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	obl	_	_
66	with	with	ADP	IN	_	70	case	_	_
67	at	at	ADP	IN	_	68	case	_	_
68	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	70	nmod	_	_
69	S	S	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	70	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
70	$	$	SYM	$	_	65	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
71	500	500	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	72	compound	_	_
72	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	70	nummod	_	_
73	in	in	ADP	IN	_	76	case	_	_
74	shareholders	shareholder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	76	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
75	'	's	PART	POS	_	74	case	_	_
76	equity	equity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	70	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
77	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	80	punct	_	_
78	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	80	cop	_	_
79	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	80	det	_	_
80	resident	resident	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	parataxis	_	_
81	in	in	ADP	IN	_	82	case	_	_
82	Singapore	Singapore	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	80	nmod	_	_
83	for	for	ADP	IN	_	87	case	_	_
84	at	at	ADP	IN	_	85	case	_	_
85	least	least	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	86	nmod	_	_
86	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	87	nummod	_	_
87	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	80	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
88	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	90	punct	_	_
89	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	90	advmod	_	_
90	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	52	conj	_	_
91	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	93	det	_	_
92	criminal	criminal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	93	amod	_	_
93	record	record	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	90	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
94	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	96	punct	_	_
95	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	96	cc	_	_
96	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
97	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **include** | present | this qualifications |  |  |  |  |  | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **need** | present | a candidate |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **is a** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a candidate *not said here* | a person |  |  | year |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is a** | present | age | a member |  |  |  | of a political party; long *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **hold** | to-infinitive · perfect | a candidate *not said here* | public office |  | a number of specific leadership roles | year |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent office=Theme in number=Location |
| 6 | **have** | to-infinitive | a candidate *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **experience** | present | 3 years |  |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer |
| 8 | **is a** | infinitive |  | a resident |  | Singapore | year |  | tree rules |
| 9 | **not** **have** | infinitive | a candidate *not said here* | a criminal record |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent record=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Singapore», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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