---
title: Their armies' advance may have been promoted by continuous wars amon… — Slovakia · tree and pragmatics
description: Their armies' advance may have been promoted by continuous wars among the countries of the region whose rulers still hired them occasionally to intervene in their struggles. Who acts: continuous wars, rulers, armies, Hungarians. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Slovakia» with its dependency tree and pragm
---

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# Slovakia, sentence 116

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From Wikipedia, [«Slovakia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovakia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Their armies' advance may have been promoted by continuous wars among the countries of the region whose rulers still hired them occasionally to intervene in their struggles.

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**Who acts:** continuous wars, rulers, armies, Hungarians · **What happens:** promote, hire, intervene, advance, struggle · **To what, where:** advance, Hungarians, struggles

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Slovakia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (continuous wars, rulers, armies, Hungarians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Slovakia:116
# text = Their armies' advance may have been promoted by continuous wars among the countries of the region whose rulers still hired them occasionally to intervene in their struggles.
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	armies	army	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	'	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	advance	advance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
6	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux	_	_
7	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	promoted	promote	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	continuous	continuous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	wars	war	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
12	among	among	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	region	region	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
18	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	rulers	ruler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
20	still	still	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	hired	hire	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
22	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	occasionally	occasionally	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
24	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
25	intervene	intervene	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	xcomp	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	struggles	struggle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **promote** | may · perfect · passive | continuous wars | Hungarians's armies's advance |  |  |  | among the countries of the region | vn promote-102 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 2 | **hire** | past | rulers | Hungarians *= hungarian* |  |  | still |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 3 | **intervene** | to-infinitive | rulers *not said here* |  |  | Hungarians's struggles |  | occasionally *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **advance** |  | Hungarians's armies |  |  |  |  |  | nom advance «event intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 5 | **struggle** |  | Hungarians *= hungarian* |  |  |  |  |  | nom struggle «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Slovakia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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