---
title: The Italians began local infrastructure projects, including the cons… — Somalia · tree and pragmatics
description: The Italians began local infrastructure projects, including the construction of hospitals, farms and schools. Who acts: Italians. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Somalia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Somalia, sentence 115

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From Wikipedia, [«Somalia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somalia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The Italians began local infrastructure projects, including the construction of hospitals, farms and schools.

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**Who acts:** Italians · **What happens:** begin, construct · **To what, where:** local infrastructure projects, hospitals

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Somalia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Italians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Somalia:115
# text = The Italians began local infrastructure projects, including the construction of hospitals, farms and schools.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Italians	Italian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	projects	project	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	including	including	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	construction	construction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	hospitals	hospital	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	farms	farm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | the Italians | local infrastructure projects and the construction of hospitals and farms and schools |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent project=Eventuality |
| 2 | **construct** |  |  | hospitals and farms and schools |  |  |  |  | nom construction «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Somalia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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