---
title: The security forces cracked down on internal dissent, and violence b… — South Africa · tree and pragmatics
description: The security forces cracked down on internal dissent, and violence became widespread, with anti-apartheid organisations such as the African National Congress (ANC), the Azanian People's Organisation, and the Pan-Africanist Congress carrying out guerrilla warfare, urban sabotage and, according to Oxf
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/South_Africa/135/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [South Africa](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/South_Africa/) / 135

# South Africa, sentence 135

<!-- div src -->

From Wikipedia, [«South Africa»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africa), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The security forces cracked down on internal dissent, and violence became widespread, with anti-apartheid organisations such as the African National Congress (ANC), the Azanian People's Organisation, and the Pan-Africanist Congress carrying out guerrilla warfare, urban sabotage and, according to Oxford Academic, acts of terrorism.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** security forces, violence, Pan Africanist Congress, terrorism · **What happens:** crack down, become, carry out, accord, act · **To what, where:** internal dissent, guerrilla warfare

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «South Africa». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (security forces, violence, Pan Africanist Congress, terrorism), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:South_Africa:135
# text = The security forces cracked down on internal dissent, and violence became widespread, with anti-apartheid organisations such as the African National Congress (ANC), the Azanian People's Organisation, and the Pan-Africanist Congress carrying out guerrilla warfare, urban sabotage and, according to Oxford Academic, acts of terrorism.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	security	security	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	cracked	crack	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	internal	internal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	dissent	dissent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	violence	violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	widespread	widespread	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	anti-apartheid	anti-apartheid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	organisations	organisation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
18	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	23	case	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	fixed	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
21	African	African	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
22	National	National	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	Congress	Congress	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
24	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	ANC	ANC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	Azanian	Azanian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	_
30	People	People	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	's	's	PART	POS	_	30	case	_	_
32	Organisation	Organisation	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
36	Pan	Pan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	39	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	Africanist	Africanist	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	39	compound	_	_
39	Congress	Congress	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	nsubj	_	_
40	carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
41	out	out	ADP	RP	_	40	compound:prt	_	_
42	guerrilla	guerrilla	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	compound	_	_
43	warfare	warfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
45	urban	urban	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	46	amod	_	_
46	sabotage	sabotage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	conj	_	_
47	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	52	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	52	punct	_	_
49	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	52	case	_	_
50	to	to	ADP	IN	_	49	fixed	_	_
51	Oxford	Oxford	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	52	compound	_	_
52	Academic	Academic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	54	punct	_	_
54	acts	act	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	52	appos	_	_
55	of	of	ADP	IN	_	56	case	_	_
56	terrorism	terrorism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	54	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
57	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crack down** | past | the security forces |  |  | internal dissent |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on dissent=Location |
| 2 | **become** | past | violence |  |  |  |  | with anti-apartheid organisations such the African National Congress and the Azanian People's Organisation; widespread *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **carry out** | gerund | the Pan Africanist Congress | guerrilla warfare and urban sabotage |  |  |  | Oxford Academic *conj* | vn act-114 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent warfare=Eventuality |
| 4 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **act** |  | terrorism |  |  |  |  |  | nom act «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «South Africa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 134](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/South_Africa/134/)
- next →: [sentence 136](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/South_Africa/136/)
- ↑ back to [South Africa](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/South_Africa/)