---
title: South Africa has a mixed economy characterised by a large services s… — South Africa · tree and pragmatics
description: South Africa has a mixed economy characterised by a large services sector, diversified industrial base and abundant natural resources. Who acts: South Africa. A sentence of Wikipedia's «South Africa» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# South Africa, sentence 314

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From Wikipedia, [«South Africa»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africa), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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South Africa has a mixed economy characterised by a large services sector, diversified industrial base and abundant natural resources.

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**Who acts:** South Africa · **What happens:** have, mix, characteris, diversify · **To what, where:** mixed economy, industrial base

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «South Africa». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (South Africa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:South_Africa:314
# text = South Africa has a mixed economy characterised by a large services sector, diversified industrial base and abundant natural resources.
1	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	mixed	mix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	characterised	characteris	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	compound	_	_
12	sector	sector	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	diversified	diversify	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
15	industrial	industrial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	base	base	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	abundant	abundant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
19	natural	natural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	resources	resource	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | South Africa | a mixed economy |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent economy=Patient |
| 2 | **mix** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **characteris** | participle |  | a mixed economy *not said here* |  |  |  | by a services sector | tree rules |
| 4 | **diversify** | participle | South Africa *not said here* | industrial base and abundant natural resources |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent base=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «South Africa», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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