---
title: Abkhaz forces opened a second front on 9 August by attacking the Kod… — South Ossetia · tree and pragmatics
description: Abkhaz forces opened a second front on 9 August by attacking the Kodori Gorge, held by Georgia. Who acts: Abkhaz forces. A sentence of Wikipedia's «South Ossetia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/South_Ossetia/148/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [South Ossetia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/South_Ossetia/) / 148

# South Ossetia, sentence 148

<!-- div src -->

From Wikipedia, [«South Ossetia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Ossetia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Abkhaz forces opened a second front on 9 August by attacking the Kodori Gorge, held by Georgia.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Abkhaz forces · **What happens:** open, attack, hold · **To what, where:** second front, 9, Kodori Gorge

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «South Ossetia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abkhaz forces), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:South_Ossetia:148
# text = Abkhaz forces opened a second front on 9 August by attacking the Kodori Gorge, held by Georgia.
1	Abkhaz	Abkhaz	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	6	amod	_	_
6	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	_
9	August	August	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod:unmarked	_	_
10	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	attacking	attack	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	Kodori	Kodori	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	Gorge	Gorge	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
17	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Georgia	Georgia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **open** | past | Abkhaz forces | a second front |  | 9  August |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent front=Theme on 9=Location |
| 2 | **attack** | gerund | Abkhaz forces *not said here* | the Kodori Gorge |  |  |  |  | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gorge=Patient |
| 3 | **hold** | participle |  | the Kodori Gorge *not said here* |  |  |  | by Georgia | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by georgia=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «South Ossetia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 147](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/South_Ossetia/147/)
- next →: [sentence 149](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/South_Ossetia/149/)
- ↑ back to [South Ossetia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/South_Ossetia/)