---
title: In 1918, conflict began between the landless Ossetian peasants livin… — South Ossetia · tree and pragmatics
description: In 1918, conflict began between the landless Ossetian peasants living in Shida Kartli (Interior Georgia), who were influenced by Bolshevism and demanded ownership of the lands they worked, and the Menshevik government backed ethnic Georgian aristocrats, who were legal owners. Who acts: conflict, lan
---

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# South Ossetia, sentence 48

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From Wikipedia, [«South Ossetia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Ossetia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In 1918, conflict began between the landless Ossetian peasants living in Shida Kartli (Interior Georgia), who were influenced by Bolshevism and demanded ownership of the lands they worked, and the Menshevik government backed ethnic Georgian aristocrats, who were legal owners.

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**Who acts:** conflict, landless Ossetian peasants, Bolshevism, Menshevik government, ethnic Georgian aristocrats · **What happens:** begin, live, influence, demand, work, back · **To what, where:** 1918, Shida, ownership, lands, ethnic Georgian aristocrats, legal owners

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «South Ossetia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (conflict, landless Ossetian peasants, Bolshevism, Menshevik government), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:South_Ossetia:48
# text = In 1918, conflict began between the landless Ossetian peasants living in Shida Kartli (Interior Georgia), who were influenced by Bolshevism and demanded ownership of the lands they worked, and the Menshevik government backed ethnic Georgian aristocrats, who were legal owners.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1918	1918	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	conflict	conflict	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	between	between	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	landless	landless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	Ossetian	ossetian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	peasants	peasant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
11	living	live	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Shida	Shida	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
14	Kartli	Kartli	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	flat	_	_
15	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	Interior	Interior	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	Georgia	Georgia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
21	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	influenced	influence	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	parataxis	_	_
23	by	by	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Bolshevism	Bolshevism	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	demanded	demand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	_
27	ownership	ownership	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	lands	land	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nmod	_	_
31	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
32	worked	work	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
36	Menshevik	Menshevik	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	compound	_	_
37	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nsubj	_	_
38	backed	back	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
39	ethnic	ethnic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
40	Georgian	georgian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	aristocrats	aristocrat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
43	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	46	nsubj	_	_
44	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	46	cop	_	_
45	legal	legal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	46	amod	_	_
46	owners	owner	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	41	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | conflict |  |  | 1918 |  | between the landless Ossetian peasants | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **live** | gerund | the landless Ossetian peasants *not said here* |  |  | Shida |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in shida=Location |
| 3 | **influence** | past · passive | Bolshevism | Shida |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 4 | **demand** *speech: request* | past | Bolshevism *not said here* | ownership of the lands |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme ownership=Precondition |
| 5 | **work** | past | conflict | the lands *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent land=Material |
| 6 | **back** | past | the Menshevik government | ethnic Georgian aristocrats and legal owners |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent aristocrat=Agent |
| 7 | **is a** | past | ethnic Georgian aristocrats and legal owners | legal owners |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «South Ossetia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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