---
title: By the end of the 19th century, a new educated social class transcen… — Sri Lanka · tree and pragmatics
description: By the end of the 19th century, a new educated social class transcending race and caste arose through British attempts to staff the Ceylon Civil Service and the legal, educational, engineering, and medical professions with natives. Who acts: new educated social class. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Sri 
---

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# Sri Lanka, sentence 142

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From Wikipedia, [«Sri Lanka»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lanka), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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By the end of the 19th century, a new educated social class transcending race and caste arose through British attempts to staff the Ceylon Civil Service and the legal, educational, engineering, and medical professions with natives.

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**Who acts:** new educated social class · **What happens:** transcend, arise, engineer · **To what, where:** race, British attempts

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Sri Lanka». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (new educated social class), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Sri_Lanka:142
# text = By the end of the 19th century, a new educated social class transcending race and caste arose through British attempts to staff the Ceylon Civil Service and the legal, educational, engineering, and medical professions with natives.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	19th	19th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	_
7	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
10	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
11	educated	educated	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	social	social	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
14	transcending	transcend	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	acl	_	_
15	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	caste	caste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
18	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
19	through	through	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	attempts	attempt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	staff	staff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
25	Ceylon	Ceylon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
26	Civil	Civil	PROPN	NNP	_	27	compound	_	_
27	Service	Service	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	appos	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
30	legal	legal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	educational	educational	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
34	engineering	engineer	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	32	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
37	medical	medical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	professions	profession	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	_
39	with	with	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	natives	native	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **transcend** | gerund | a new educated social class *not said here* | race and caste |  |  |  |  | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot race=Theme |
| 2 | **arise** | past | a new educated social class |  |  | British attempts | by the end of the 19th century | to staff | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by end=Location |
| 3 | **engineer** | gerund | a new educated social class *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Sri Lanka», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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