---
title: Since independence in 1948, the primary focus of the armed forces ha… — Sri Lanka · tree and pragmatics
description: Since independence in 1948, the primary focus of the armed forces has been internal security, crushing three major insurgencies, two by Marxist militants of the JVP and a 26-year-long conflict with the LTTE. Who acts: primary focus, internal security. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Sri Lanka» with its d
---

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# Sri Lanka, sentence 353

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From Wikipedia, [«Sri Lanka»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lanka), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Since independence in 1948, the primary focus of the armed forces has been internal security, crushing three major insurgencies, two by Marxist militants of the JVP and a 26-year-long conflict with the LTTE.

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**Who acts:** primary focus, internal security · **What happens:** be, crush, focus · **To what, where:** internal security, three major insurgencies, armed forces

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Sri Lanka». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (primary focus, internal security), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Sri_Lanka:353
# text = Since independence in 1948, the primary focus of the armed forces has been internal security, crushing three major insurgencies, two by Marxist militants of the JVP and a 26-year-long conflict with the LTTE.
1	Since	since	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	independence	independence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	1948	1948	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	primary	primary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	focus	focus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	armed	armed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
13	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
14	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	cop	_	_
15	internal	internal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	security	security	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	crushing	crush	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	acl	_	_
19	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	nummod	_	_
20	major	major	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	insurgencies	insurgency	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	appos	_	_
24	by	by	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	Marxist	marxist	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	militants	militant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	JVP	jvp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
31	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
32	26	26	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	34	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	32	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	34	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	conflict	conflict	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	conj	_	_
38	with	with	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	LTTE	LTTE	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present · perfect | the primary focus of the armed forces | internal security |  |  | since independence in 1948 |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **crush** | gerund | internal security *not said here* | three major insurgencies |  |  |  | by Marxist militants of the JVP and a long conflict with the LTTE | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insurgency=Patient |
| 3 | **focus** |  |  | the armed forces |  |  |  |  | nom focus «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Sri Lanka», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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