--- title: Sucre — English Wikipedia · full text with trees description: Wikipedia's «Sucre», whole, every sentence with its dependency tree and pragmatics, CC BY-SA 4.0. It begins: Sucre (ˈsukɾe; Chuqichaka; Sukri; Sucre), officially La Ilustre y Heroica Sucre ("The Illustrious and Heroic Sucre") is the de jure capital city of Bolivia, the capital of the Chuquisaca Depa --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Sucre/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / Sucre # Sucre From Wikipedia, [«Sucre»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucre), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too. The English Wikipedia article «Sucre», whole: 30 sections, 174 sentences and 3112 words, its 29 notes at the end. The marks in brackets «[n]» are Wikipedia's own, each leading to its note and source; the small number after every sentence leads to the sentence's own page with its syntax tree and pragmatics, parsed by Mova itself. **1** [2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Sucre/page/2/) | Facts | | | --- | --- | | | **Sucre · Sukri, Chuquisaca, Charcas** | | | **[Capital city](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_city)** | | | [Flag](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Chuquisaca_and_Sucre) Seal | | | Nickname(s):; La Ciudad de los cuatro Nombres(The City of the four names); Ciudad Blanca de América; (White City of America); Ilustre Ciudad; (llustrious City) | | | Motto:; Aqui nació la Libertad(Freedom was born here) | | | Coordinates: | | Country | [Bolivia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolivia) [corpus](../Bolivia/ "in our corpus") | | [Department](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departments_of_Bolivia) | [Chuquisaca Department](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuquisaca_Department) | | [Province](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinces_of_Bolivia) | [Oropeza Province](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oropeza_Province) | | Founded | 1538; Pre-Hispanic Times: Charcas; September 29, 1538 (official): La Plata de la Nueva Toledo (City of The Silver of the New Toledo); August 6, 1826: Sucre (Capital Section) | | Founded by | Pedro Anzúres as "La Plata" | | [Named after](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namesake) | [Antonio José de Sucre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_José_de_Sucre) | | **Government** | | | • Type | C.S. Municipal Autonomous Government | | • [Mayor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayor_of_Sucre,_Bolivia) | [Fátima Tardío Quiroga](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fátima_Tardío_Quiroga) | | **Area** | | | • Total | 1,768 km² (683 sq mi) | | Elevation | 2,790 m (9,154 ft) | | **Population (2024 census)** | | | • Total | 296,125 | | • Rank | [6th](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cities_and_largest_towns_in_Bolivia) | | • Density | 167.5/km² (433.8/sq mi) | | Demonym(s) | Capitalino (a); Sucrense | | [Time zone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zone) | [UTC−04:00](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTC−04:00) ([BOT](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolivia_Time)) | | [Area code](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area_code) | (+591) 4 | | [Climate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Köppen_climate_classification) | [Cwb](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanic_climate#Subtropical_highland_variety_%28Cfb,_Cwb%29) | Sucre (ˈsukɾe; Chuqichaka; Sukri; Sucre), officially La Ilustre y Heroica Sucre ("The Illustrious and Heroic Sucre")[\[1\]](page/2/#ref-1 "note 1") is the de jure [capital city](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_city) of [Bolivia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolivia) [corpus](../Bolivia/ "in our corpus"),[\[2\]](page/2/#ref-2 "note 2") the capital of the [Chuquisaca Department](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuquisaca_Department) and the [sixth most populous city](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Bolivia) in Bolivia.[1](1/ "tree and pragmatics") Located in the south-central part of the country, Sucre lies at an elevation of 2790 m, making it the [second-highest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_capital_cities_by_elevation) capital city in the world after [Quito](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quito) [corpus](../Quito/ "in our corpus").[\[3\]](page/2/#ref-3 "note 3")[2](2/ "tree and pragmatics") This relatively high altitude gives the city a [subtropical highland climate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subtropical_highland_climate) with cool temperatures year-round.[3](3/ "tree and pragmatics") Over the centuries, the city has received various names, including La Plata, Charcas, and Chuquisaca.[\[4\]](page/2/#ref-4 "note 4")[4](4/ "tree and pragmatics") Today, the region is of predominantly [Quechua](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quechua_people) background, with some [Aymara](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aymara_people) communities and influences.[5](5/ "tree and pragmatics") Sucre holds major national importance and is an educational and government center, as well as the location of the [Bolivian Supreme Court](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_Tribunal_of_Justice_of_Bolivia).[6](6/ "tree and pragmatics") Its pleasant climate and low crime rates[\[5\]](page/2/#ref-5 "note 5") have made the city popular amongst foreigners and Bolivians alike.[\[6\]](page/2/#ref-6 "note 6")[7](7/ "tree and pragmatics") Notably, Sucre contains one of the best preserved Hispanic colonial and republican historic city centres in the Western Hemisphere - similar to cities such as [Cuzco](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuzco) and [Quito](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quito) [corpus](../Quito/ "in our corpus").[8](8/ "tree and pragmatics") This architectural heritage and the millenarian history of the Charcas region has led to Sucre's designation as a [UNESCO World Heritage Site](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNESCO_World_Heritage_Site).[9](9/ "tree and pragmatics") The city has held an important place in Bolivian history from its place as an important center in the Real Audencia de Charcas, and later as the first capital of Bolivia before the fall of silver's importance as a global mineral commodity.[10](10/ "tree and pragmatics") Some regional tension remains from the historical transfer of capital functions to [La Paz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Paz) [corpus](../La_Paz/ "in our corpus"), and even today the issue features an important role in local culture and political ideology.[11](11/ "tree and pragmatics") ## History Prior to Spanish colonization, Sucre was an Inca town called Chuquisaca,[\[7\]](page/2/#ref-7 "note 7") a name that remains an alternative designation for the city today.[12](12/ "tree and pragmatics") The name Chuquisaca possibly derives from the Quechua words chuqi, meaning 'precious metal' or 'silver', and shaqa or saqa, meaning 'abundance', 'a heap', or 'a pile of small things',[\[8\]](page/2/#ref-8 "note 8") thus translating to 'a heap of precious metal' or 'a pile of silver'.[13](13/ "tree and pragmatics") Chuquisaca was the provincial capital of the wamani of Charca, established after [Topa Inka Yupanqui](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topa_Inca_Yupanqui) conquered the [Aymara kingdom](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aymara_kingdoms) that originally occupied the area and imposed the Quechua language on them.[\[9\]](page/2/#ref-9 "note 9")[14](14/ "tree and pragmatics") According to [Inca Garcilaso de la Vega](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inca_Garcilaso_de_la_Vega), the Inca ruler received ambassadors from the kingdom of Tucman ([Tucumán](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tucumán_Province)) while in Charca.[\[10\]](page/2/#ref-10 "note 10")[15](15/ "tree and pragmatics") Due to their warrior background, the Charcas were excluded from various state duties and many served as soldiers,[\[11\]](page/2/#ref-11 "note 11") being recruited in large numbers by [Wayna Qhapaq](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayna_Qhapaq) for northern campaigns.[16](16/ "tree and pragmatics") During Wayna Qhapaq's wars in modern-day [Ecuador](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecuador) [corpus](../Ecuador/ "in our corpus"), the Guarani-speaking [Chiriguanos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ava_Guaraní_people) from [Paraguay](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraguay) [corpus](../Paraguay/ "in our corpus") invaded the Charcas frontier, aided by a band of European explorers.[17](17/ "tree and pragmatics") Although the Chiriguanos were repelled by commanders sent by Wayna Qhapaq from [Quito](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quito) [corpus](../Quito/ "in our corpus"),[\[12\]](page/2/#ref-12 "note 12") the Portuguese conquistador [Aleixo Garcia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleixo_Garcia) is believed to be the first European to make contact with Charcas in 1525.[18](18/ "tree and pragmatics") Although the Inca territories south of Cusco were assigned to the head conquistador [Diego de Almagro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diego_de_Almagro), there is no record of him visiting Chuquisaca and the [Charcas territory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charca_people) during [his 1535 expedition to Collasuyo](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diego_de_Almagro%27s_expedition_to_Chile).[19](19/ "tree and pragmatics") After Almagro's murder in 1538, [Francisco Pizarro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Pizarro), sent his brothers [Gonzalo Pizarro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonzalo_Pizarro) and [Hernando Pizarro](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hernando_Pizarro) to Charcas to claim the region.[20](20/ "tree and pragmatics") Hernando Pizarro traveled to Chuquisaca along with the Emperor [Paullu Inca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paullu_Inca).[21](21/ "tree and pragmatics") During their visit, they met with Consara, the principal lord of the Charcas region.[22](22/ "tree and pragmatics") Consara provided crucial information about the resources of Charca, including silver mines in Porco, gold mines in Chiutamarca, copper mines in Aytacara, and tin mines in Chayanta.[\[7\]](page/2/#ref-7 "note 7")[23](23/ "tree and pragmatics") The settlement was briefly occupied by Diego Méndez, under the orders of [Diego de Almagro II](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diego_de_Almagro_II), during Almagro II's uprising against Pizarro and the Spanish government.[\[13\]](page/2/#ref-13 "note 13")[24](24/ "tree and pragmatics") The Spanish foundation of Sucre occurred on November 30, 1538, under the name Ciudad de la Plata de la Nueva Toledo (City of Silver of New Toledo) by [Pedro Anzures](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_Anzures), Marqués de Campo Redondo.[25](25/ "tree and pragmatics") In 1559, the Spanish [King Philip II](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain) established the [Audiencia de Charcas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Audience_of_Charcas) in La Plata with authority over an area which covers what is now Paraguay, southeastern Peru, northern Chile and Argentina, and much of Bolivia.[26](26/ "tree and pragmatics") The [Real Audiencia of Charcas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_Audiencia_of_Charcas) was a subdivision of the [Viceroyalty of Peru](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_Peru) until 1776, when it was transferred to the newly created [Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_the_Río_de_la_Plata).[27](27/ "tree and pragmatics") In 1601 the Recoleta Monastery was founded by the Franciscans.[28](28/ "tree and pragmatics") In 1609, an [archbishopric](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archbishopric) was founded in the city.[29](29/ "tree and pragmatics") In 1624 [St Francis Xavier University of Chuquisaca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Francis_Xavier_University_of_Chuquisaca) was founded.[30](30/ "tree and pragmatics") Very much a Spanish city during the colonial era, the narrow streets of the city centre are organised in a grid, reflecting the Andalusian culture that is embodied in the architecture of the city's great houses, convents and churches.[31](31/ "tree and pragmatics") Sucre remains the seat of the Roman Catholic Church in Bolivia, and a common sight is members of religious orders dressed in traditional habit.[32](32/ "tree and pragmatics") For much of its colonial history, Sucre's temperate climate was preferred by the Spanish royalty and wealthy families involved in silver trade coming from [Potosí](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potosí).[33](33/ "tree and pragmatics") Sucre's University ([Universidad Mayor Real y Pontificia de San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Saint_Francis_Xavier)) is one of the oldest universities in the new world.[34](34/ "tree and pragmatics") On May 25, 1809, the Bolivian independence movement was started with the ringing of the bell of the Basilica of Saint Francisco.[35](35/ "tree and pragmatics") This bell was rung to the point of breakage, but it can still be found in the Basilica today: it is one of the most precious relics of the city.[36](36/ "tree and pragmatics") Until the 19th century, La Plata was the judicial, religious and cultural centre of the region.[37](37/ "tree and pragmatics") It was proclaimed provisional capital of the newly independent [Upper Peru](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Peru) (later, Bolivia) in July 1826.[\[14\]](page/2/#ref-14 "note 14")[38](38/ "tree and pragmatics") On July 12, 1839, President [José Miguel de Velasco](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/José_Miguel_de_Velasco) proclaimed a law naming the city as the capital of Bolivia, and renaming it in honor of the revolutionary leader [Antonio José de Sucre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_José_de_Sucre).[\[14\]](page/2/#ref-14 "note 14")[39](39/ "tree and pragmatics") After the economic decline of [Potosí](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potosí) and its silver industry, the Bolivian seat of government was moved from Sucre to [La Paz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Paz) [corpus](../La_Paz/ "in our corpus") in 1898.[40](40/ "tree and pragmatics") Some argue Sucre was the location of the beginning of the Latin American independence movement against Spain.[41](41/ "tree and pragmatics") From that point of view, Bolivia was the last Spanish imperial territory in South America to gain its independence, in 1825.[42](42/ "tree and pragmatics") In 1991, Sucre became a [UNESCO](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNESCO) [World Heritage Site](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Heritage_Site).[43](43/ "tree and pragmatics") ## Government Together with [La Paz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Paz) [corpus](../La_Paz/ "in our corpus"), Sucre is one of two governmental centers of Bolivia: It is the seat of the judiciary, where the [Supreme Court of Justice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Justice_%28Bolivia%29) is located.[44](44/ "tree and pragmatics") As designated in the [Constitution of Bolivia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Bolivia), Sucre is the true capital of the nation, while La Paz is the seat of government.[45](45/ "tree and pragmatics") Sucre is also the [capital city](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_city) of the [department](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Departments_of_Bolivia) of [Chuquisaca](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuquisaca_department).[46](46/ "tree and pragmatics") The government of the City of Sucre is divided into [executive](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_%28government%29) and [legislative](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legislature) branches.[47](47/ "tree and pragmatics") The [Mayor of Sucre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayor_of_Sucre,_Bolivia) is the executive head of the city government, elected for a term of five years by general election.[48](48/ "tree and pragmatics") The legislative branch consists of the [Municipal Council](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipal_Council_of_Sucre,_Bolivia), which elects a President, Vice President and Secretary from a group of eleven members.[\[15\]](page/2/#ref-15 "note 15")[49](49/ "tree and pragmatics") | | | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **Date Began** | **Date Ended** | **Mayor** | **Party** | **Notes** | | | February 7, 2000 | Germán Gutiérrez Santier | MNR, PS1 | [\[16\]](page/2/#ref-16 "note 16") | | February 7, 2000 | January 8, 2003 | Fidel Herrera Ressini | MBL | Resigned in intra-party move.[\[16\]](page/2/#ref-16 "note 16") | | January 8, 2003 | October 5, 2004 | Aydeé Nava Andrade | MBL | [\[16\]](page/2/#ref-16 "note 16") | | October 5, 2004 | January 10, 2005 | Armando Pereira | MNR | Interim mayor while Nava ran in election.[\[16\]](page/2/#ref-16 "note 16") | | January 10, 2005 | Nov 2008 | Aydeé Nava Andrade | MBL | Elected in 2004. | | Nov 2008 | May 30, 2010 | Hugo Loayza | MBL | Assumed office after Nava was indicted on corruption charges.[\[16\]](page/2/#ref-16 "note 16") | | May 30, 2010 | June 18, 2010 | [Jaime Barrón Poveda](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaime_Barrón_Poveda) | PAÍS | Elected in [regional election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolivian_regional_election,_2010) on April 4, 2010 | | June 22, 2010 | January 10, 2011 | [Verónica Berríos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verónica_Berríos) | MAS-IPSP | Designated as interim Mayor by Sucre's Council in Resolution 335/10 after Barrón was indicted on charges of organizing the [violence of 24 May 2008](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_24,_2008_violence_in_Sucre),[\[17\]](page/2/#ref-17 "note 17") with the support of MAS, New Citizen Alternative, and Domingo Martínez.[\[18\]](page/2/#ref-18 "note 18") | | January 10, 2011 | January 27, 2011 | José Santos Romero | MAS-IPSP | Designated as interim Mayor by Sucre's Council in Resolution 03/11,[\[17\]](page/2/#ref-17 "note 17") with three MAS votes (but not Berríos' alternate), four PAÍS votes, and that of Lourdes Millares.[\[18\]](page/2/#ref-18 "note 18") | | July 27, 2011 | January 31, 2012 | Verónica Berríos | MAS-IPSP | Restored to office when the Guarantees Tribunal of Chuquisaca's Superior Court of Justice annulled Resolution 03/11[\[17\]](page/2/#ref-17 "note 17") | | January 31, 2012 | May 25, 2015 | Moisés Torres Chivé | Renewing Freedom and Democracy (LIDER) | Elected in [2011 special election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolivian_special_municipal_election,_2011#Sucre)[\[19\]](page/2/#ref-19 "note 19") | | May 25, 2015 | November 13, 2019 | Iván Arciénega | MAS-IPSP | Elected in [2015 municipal election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolivian_regional_election,_2015).[\[20\]](page/2/#ref-20 "note 20") Resigned in [2019 national political crisis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_Bolivian_political_crisis).[\[16\]](page/2/#ref-16 "note 16") | | November 14, 2019 | May 3, 2021 | Rosario López | FRI | Designated as interim Mayor by Sucre's Council.[\[16\]](page/2/#ref-16 "note 16") | | May 3, 2021 | May 4, 2026 | Enrique Leaño | MAS-IPSP | Elected in [2021 municipal election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Bolivian_regional_elections) | | May 4, 2026 | Incumbent | Fátima Elva Tardío Quiroga | Alianza Gente Nueva | Elected in [2026 municipal election](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_Bolivian_regional_elections) | The [Municipal Council](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipal_Council_of_Sucre,_Bolivia) is the [legislative branch](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legislative_branch) of the government of the municipality of [Sucre](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sucre,_Bolivia), the constitutional capital of Bolivia.[50](50/ "tree and pragmatics") The council consists of eleven elected members, and it elects its own President, Vice President and Secretary.[51](51/ "tree and pragmatics") The members of the municipal council elected on May 3, 2021[\[21\]](page/2/#ref-21 "note 21") are:[52](52/ "tree and pragmatics") - Oscar Sandy (MAS)[53](53/ "tree and pragmatics") - Yolanda Barrios (MAS)[54](54/ "tree and pragmatics") - Rodolfo Avilés (MAS)[55](55/ "tree and pragmatics") - Guadalupe Fernández (MAS)[56](56/ "tree and pragmatics") - Eduardo Lora (R-2025)[57](57/ "tree and pragmatics") - Melisa Cortés (R-2025)[58](58/ "tree and pragmatics") - Antonio Pino (R-2025)[59](59/ "tree and pragmatics") - Carmen Rosa Torres (R-2025)[60](60/ "tree and pragmatics") - Jenny Montaño (C-A)[61](61/ "tree and pragmatics") - Gonzalo Pallares (CST)[62](62/ "tree and pragmatics") - Edwin González (Unidos)[63](63/ "tree and pragmatics") **1** [2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Sucre/page/2/) - next →: [page 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Sucre/page/2/) - ↑ back to [English Wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/)