---
title: During the 17th century the Funj state reached its widest extent, bu… — Sudan · tree and pragmatics
description: During the 17th century the Funj state reached its widest extent, but in the following century it began to decline. Who acts: Funj state, state. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Sudan» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Sudan, sentence 124

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From Wikipedia, [«Sudan»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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During the 17th century the Funj state reached its widest extent, but in the following century it began to decline.

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**Who acts:** Funj state, state · **What happens:** reach, follow, begin, decline, extend · **To what, where:** widest extent

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Sudan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Funj state, state), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Sudan:124
# text = During the 17th century the Funj state reached its widest extent, but in the following century it began to decline.
1	During	during	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	17th	17th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	4	amod	_	_
4	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Funj	Funj	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	widest	widest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	extent	extent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
13	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	amod	_	_
17	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
20	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
21	decline	decline	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reach** | past | the Funj state | state's widest extent |  |  | century |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent extent=Theme |
| 2 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **begin** | past | state |  |  |  | century |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **decline** | to-infinitive | state *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 5 | **extend** |  | state |  |  |  |  |  | nom extent «state transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Sudan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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