---
title: After the US listed Sudan as a state sponsor of terrorism, the NIF d… — Sudan · tree and pragmatics
description: After the US listed Sudan as a state sponsor of terrorism, the NIF decided to develop relations with Iraq, and later Iran, the two most controversial countries in the region. Who acts: US, NIF. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Sudan» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Sudan, sentence 399

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From Wikipedia, [«Sudan»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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After the US listed Sudan as a state sponsor of terrorism, the NIF decided to develop relations with Iraq, and later Iran, the two most controversial countries in the region.

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**Who acts:** US, NIF · **What happens:** list, decide, develop · **To what, where:** Sudan, relations

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Sudan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (US, NIF), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Sudan:399
# text = After the US listed Sudan as a state sponsor of terrorism, the NIF decided to develop relations with Iraq, and later Iran, the two most controversial countries in the region.
1	After	after	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	listed	list	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	Sudan	Sudan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	sponsor	sponsor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	terrorism	terrorism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	NIF	NIF	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	decided	decide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	develop	develop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
18	relations	relation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Iraq	Iraq	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	24	advmod	_	_
24	Iran	Iran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
27	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	30	nummod	_	_
28	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	29	advmod	_	_
29	controversial	controversial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	region	region	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **list** | past | the US | Sudan |  |  |  | as a state sponsor of terrorism; Iran  the two controversial countries in the region *obl* | tree rules |
| 2 | **decide** | past | the NIF |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **develop** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the NIF *not said here* | relations |  |  |  | with Iraq | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent relation=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Sudan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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