---
title: The city, which has an airport, is a port, major rail junction and a… — Sukhumi · tree and pragmatics
description: The city, which has an airport, is a port, major rail junction and a holiday resort because of its beaches, sanatoriums, mineral-water spas and semitropical climate. Who acts: city. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Sukhumi» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Sukhumi, sentence 4

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From Wikipedia, [«Sukhumi»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhumi), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The city, which has an airport, is a port, major rail junction and a holiday resort because of its beaches, sanatoriums, mineral-water spas and semitropical climate.

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**Who acts:** city · **What happens:** have, be · **To what, where:** airport, port

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Sukhumi». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (city), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Sukhumi:4
# text = The city, which has an airport, is a port, major rail junction and a holiday resort because of its beaches, sanatoriums, mineral-water spas and semitropical climate.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	airport	airport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	port	port	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	major	major	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	rail	rail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	junction	junction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	resort	resort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
20	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	23	case	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	fixed	_	_
22	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	beaches	beach	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	sanatoriums	sanatorium	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
27	mineral	mineral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	_
30	spas	spa	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	conj	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	semitropical	semitropical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the city | a airport |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent airport=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the city | a port |  |  |  | because city's beaches and sanatoriums and water spas and semitropical climate; major rail junction and a holiday resort *nmod* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Sukhumi», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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