---
title: Restored by the kings of Abkhazia from the Arab devastation, it part… — Sukhumi · tree and pragmatics
description: Restored by the kings of Abkhazia from the Arab devastation, it particularly flourished during the Georgian Golden Age in the 11th–12th centuries, when Tskhumi became the summer residence of the Georgian kings and an important cultural and administrative center of the Georgian state. Who acts: town,
---

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# Sukhumi, sentence 43

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From Wikipedia, [«Sukhumi»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhumi), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Restored by the kings of Abkhazia from the Arab devastation, it particularly flourished during the Georgian Golden Age in the 11th–12th centuries, when Tskhumi became the summer residence of the Georgian kings and an important cultural and administrative center of the Georgian state.

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**Who acts:** town, Tskhumi · **What happens:** restore, flourish, become · **To what, where:** Arab devastation, 11th, summer residence

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Sukhumi». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (town, Tskhumi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Sukhumi:43
# text = Restored by the kings of Abkhazia from the Arab devastation, it particularly flourished during the Georgian Golden Age in the 11th–12th centuries, when Tskhumi became the summer residence of the Georgian kings and an important cultural and administrative center of the Georgian state.
1	Restored	restore	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Abkhazia	Abkhazia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	Arab	Arab	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	devastation	devastation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	particularly	particularly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	flourished	flourish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
15	during	during	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
17	Georgian	georgian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
18	Golden	Golden	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	Age	Age	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	11th	11th	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	–	-	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	12th	12th	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	25	compound	_	_
25	centuries	century	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	29	advmod	_	_
28	Tskhumi	Tskhumi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	acl:relcl	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	_
32	residence	residence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	xcomp	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	Georgian	georgian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	nmod	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
38	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
39	important	important	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	amod	_	_
40	cultural	cultural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	amod	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
42	administrative	administrative	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	conj	_	_
43	center	center	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	conj	_	_
44	of	of	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
46	Georgian	georgian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	47	amod	_	_
47	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **restore** | participle |  |  |  | the Arab devastation |  | by the kings of Abkhazia | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **flourish** | past | town | the Arab devastation *not said here* |  | the 11th and 12th centuries | during the Georgian Golden Age | particularly *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **become** | past | Tskhumi | the summer residence of the Georgian kings and a important cultural center of the Georgian state |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Sukhumi», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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