---
title: A bursting real estate bubble caused by inadequate controls on lendi… — Sweden · tree and pragmatics
description: A bursting real estate bubble caused by inadequate controls on lending combined with an international recession and a policy switch from anti-unemployment policies to anti-inflationary policies resulted in a fiscal crisis in the early 1990s. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Sweden» with its dependency tre
---

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# Sweden, sentence 177

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From Wikipedia, [«Sweden»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sweden), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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A bursting real estate bubble caused by inadequate controls on lending combined with an international recession and a policy switch from anti-unemployment policies to anti-inflationary policies resulted in a fiscal crisis in the early 1990s.

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**What happens:** burst, cause, combine, result · **To what, where:** real estate bubble, anti-inflationary policies, fiscal crisis

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Sweden». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Sweden:177
# text = A bursting real estate bubble caused by inadequate controls on lending combined with an international recession and a policy switch from anti-unemployment policies to anti-inflationary policies resulted in a fiscal crisis in the early 1990s.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	bursting	burst	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	nsubj	_	_
3	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	estate	estate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	bubble	bubble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	inadequate	inadequate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	controls	control	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
10	on	on	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	lending	lend	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	combined	combine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	advcl	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	international	international	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	recession	recession	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	policy	policy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	switch	switch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
21	from	from	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	anti-unemployment	anti-unemployment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	policies	policy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	anti-inflationary	anti-inflationary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	policies	policy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nmod	_	_
27	resulted	result	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	acl	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	fiscal	fiscal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	crisis	crisis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	1990s	1990s	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burst** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **cause** | participle |  | a real estate bubble *not said here* |  |  |  | by inadequate controls | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 3 | **combine** | gerund · passive |  |  |  |  |  | with a international recession and a policy switch from anti-unemployment policies to anti-inflationary policies | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V PP.co-patient»: with recession=Co-Patient |
| 4 | **result** | participle |  | anti-inflationary policies *not said here* |  | a fiscal crisis in the early 1990s |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in crisis=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Sweden», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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