---
title: Switzerland, together with Liechtenstein, has been surrounded by the… — Switzerland · tree and pragmatics
description: Switzerland, together with Liechtenstein, has been surrounded by the EU since Austria's entry in 1995. Who acts: EU, Austria. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Switzerland» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Switzerland, sentence 165

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From Wikipedia, [«Switzerland»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Switzerland, together with Liechtenstein, has been surrounded by the EU since Austria's entry in 1995.

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**Who acts:** EU, Austria · **What happens:** surround, enter · **To what, where:** Switzerland

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Switzerland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (EU, Austria), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Switzerland:165
# text = Switzerland, together with Liechtenstein, has been surrounded by the EU since Austria's entry in 1995.
1	Switzerland	Switzerland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	together	together	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Liechtenstein	Liechtenstein	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	surrounded	surround	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	EU	EU	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl:agent	_	_
13	since	since	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	Austria	Austria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	's	's	PART	POS	_	14	case	_	_
16	entry	entry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl:agent	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	1995	1995	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **surround** | present · perfect · passive | the EU | Switzerland and Liechtenstein |  |  |  | Austria's entry in 1995 *obl:agent* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **enter** |  | Austria |  |  |  |  |  | nom entry «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Switzerland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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