---
title: Swiss citizens are prohibited from serving in foreign armies, except… — Switzerland · tree and pragmatics
description: Swiss citizens are prohibited from serving in foreign armies, except for the Swiss Guards of the Vatican, or if they are dual citizens of a foreign country and reside there. Who acts: Swiss Guards, citizens. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Switzerland» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Switzerland, sentence 351

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From Wikipedia, [«Switzerland»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Swiss citizens are prohibited from serving in foreign armies, except for the Swiss Guards of the Vatican, or if they are dual citizens of a foreign country and reside there.

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**Who acts:** Swiss Guards, citizens · **What happens:** prohibit, serve, be, reside · **To what, where:** Swiss citizens, dual citizens

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Switzerland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Swiss Guards, citizens), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Switzerland:351
# text = Swiss citizens are prohibited from serving in foreign armies, except for the Swiss Guards of the Vatican, or if they are dual citizens of a foreign country and reside there.
1	Swiss	Swiss	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	citizens	citizen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	prohibited	prohibit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	serving	serve	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	armies	army	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	except	except	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	Swiss	Swiss	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	Guards	Guard	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	obl:agent	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	Vatican	Vatican	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
21	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
23	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
24	dual	dual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	citizens	citizen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	reside	reside	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
32	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	31	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prohibit** | present · passive | the Swiss Guards of the Vatican | Swiss citizens |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer subject=Theme |
| 2 | **serve** | gerund | the Swiss Guards of the Vatican *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in foreign armies | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent in army=Attribute |
| 3 | **is a** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | citizens *= citizen* | dual citizens |  |  |  | of a foreign country | tree rules |
| 4 | **reside** | infinitive | the Swiss Guards of the Vatican *not said here* |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Switzerland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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