---
title: Facing pressures from Germanic tribes, in 58 BC, the Helvetii, influ… — Switzerland · tree and pragmatics
description: Facing pressures from Germanic tribes, in 58 BC, the Helvetii, influenced by Orgetorix, a wealthy aristocrat, decided to abandon the Swiss Plateau for better opportunities in western Gallia. Who acts: Helvetii. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Switzerland» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Switzerland, sentence 46

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From Wikipedia, [«Switzerland»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Facing pressures from Germanic tribes, in 58 BC, the Helvetii, influenced by Orgetorix, a wealthy aristocrat, decided to abandon the Swiss Plateau for better opportunities in western Gallia.

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**Who acts:** Helvetii · **What happens:** face, influence, decide, abandon · **To what, where:** pressures, Germanic tribes, Helvetii, Swiss Plateau

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Switzerland». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Helvetii), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Switzerland:46
# text = Facing pressures from Germanic tribes, in 58 BC, the Helvetii, influenced by Orgetorix, a wealthy aristocrat, decided to abandon the Swiss Plateau for better opportunities in western Gallia.
1	Facing	face	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	22	advcl	_	_
2	pressures	pressure	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	Germanic	germanic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	tribes	tribe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	58	58	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	appos	_	_
9	BC	BC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Helvetii	Helvetii	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	influenced	influence	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Orgetorix	Orgetorix	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	wealthy	wealthy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	aristocrat	aristocrat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	decided	decide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	abandon	abandon	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	Swiss	Swiss	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	Plateau	plateau	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
28	for	for	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	30	amod	_	_
30	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	Gallia	Gallia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **face** | gerund | the Helvetii *not said here* | pressures |  | Germanic tribes |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme pressure=Destination |
| 2 | **influence** | participle |  | the Helvetii *not said here* |  |  |  | Orgetorix *obl:agent* | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **decide** | past | the Helvetii |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **abandon** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the Helvetii *not said here* | the Swiss Plateau |  |  |  | for better opportunities in western Gallia | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme plateau=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Switzerland», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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