---
title: On 31 January 1973, Hafez al-Assad implemented a new constitution, w… — Syria · tree and pragmatics
description: On 31 January 1973, Hafez al-Assad implemented a new constitution, which led to a national crisis. Who acts: Hafez, new constitution. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Syria» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Syria, sentence 330

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From Wikipedia, [«Syria»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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On 31 January 1973, Hafez al-Assad implemented a new constitution, which led to a national crisis.

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**Who acts:** Hafez, new constitution · **What happens:** implement, lead · **To what, where:** new constitution, 31

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Syria». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hafez, new constitution), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Syria:330
# text = On 31 January 1973, Hafez al-Assad implemented a new constitution, which led to a national crisis.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	31	31	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	obl	_	_
3	January	January	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod:unmarked	_	_
4	1973	1973	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
6	Hafez	Hafez	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
7	al	Al	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Assad	Assad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	_
10	implemented	implement	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	constitution	constitution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
16	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	national	national	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	crisis	crisis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **implement** | past | Hafez | a new constitution |  | 31  January |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent constitution=Patient |
| 2 | **lead** | past | a new constitution |  |  |  |  | to a national crisis | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to crisis=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Syria», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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