---
title: Evaristo Carvalho became the President of São Tomé and Príncipe in t… — São Tomé and Príncipe · tree and pragmatics
description: Evaristo Carvalho became the President of São Tomé and Príncipe in the 2016 elections, after winning over the incumbent President Manuel Pinto da Costa. Who acts: Evaristo. A sentence of Wikipedia's «São Tomé and Príncipe» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# São Tomé and Príncipe, sentence 108

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From Wikipedia, [«São Tomé and Príncipe»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/São_Tomé_and_Príncipe), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Evaristo Carvalho became the President of São Tomé and Príncipe in the 2016 elections, after winning over the incumbent President Manuel Pinto da Costa.

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**Who acts:** Evaristo · **What happens:** become, win · **To what, where:** 2016 elections, incumbent

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «São Tomé and Príncipe». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Evaristo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:São_Tomé_and_Príncipe:108
# text = Evaristo Carvalho became the President of São Tomé and Príncipe in the 2016 elections, after winning over the incumbent President Manuel Pinto da Costa.
1	Evaristo	Evaristo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Carvalho	Carvalho	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	President	President	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod:desc	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	São	São	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	_
8	Tomé	Tomé	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	flat	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	Príncipe	Príncipe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	2016	2016	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	elections	election	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	winning	win	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
18	over	over	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	incumbent	incumbent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	President	President	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod:desc	_	_
22	Manuel	Manuel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	appos	_	_
23	Pinto	Pinto	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	flat	_	_
24	da	Da	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	flat	_	_
25	Costa	Costa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | Evaristo |  |  |  |  | in the 2016 elections *result*; São  the President and Príncipe *xcomp* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in election=Result |
| 2 | **win** | gerund | Evaristo *not said here* |  |  | the incumbent |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «São Tomé and Príncipe», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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