---
title: Since 2013, China has invested in some road and seaport projects but… — São Tomé and Príncipe · tree and pragmatics
description: Since 2013, China has invested in some road and seaport projects but investments have been stalling in recent years. Who acts: China, projects. A sentence of Wikipedia's «São Tomé and Príncipe» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# São Tomé and Príncipe, sentence 183

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From Wikipedia, [«São Tomé and Príncipe»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/São_Tomé_and_Príncipe), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Since 2013, China has invested in some road and seaport projects but investments have been stalling in recent years.

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**Who acts:** China, projects · **What happens:** invest, stall · **To what, where:** road

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «São Tomé and Príncipe». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (China, projects), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:São_Tomé_and_Príncipe:183
# text = Since 2013, China has invested in some road and seaport projects but investments have been stalling in recent years.
1	Since	since	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	2013	2013	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	China	China	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	invested	invest	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	seaport	seaport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	projects	project	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
13	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	investments	investment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
15	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	17	aux	_	_
17	stalling	stall	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	acl:relcl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	recent	recent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **invest** | present · perfect | China |  |  | some road and seaport | since 2013 |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **stall** | present · perfect · progressive | projects but investments | some road and seaport *not said here* |  |  | year |  | vn delay-53.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «São Tomé and Príncipe», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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