---
title: It has held power since independence in 1961, and is the longest-ser… — Tanzania · tree and pragmatics
description: It has held power since independence in 1961, and is the longest-serving ruling party in Africa. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Tanzania» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Tanzania, sentence 185

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From Wikipedia, [«Tanzania»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanzania), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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It has held power since independence in 1961, and is the longest-serving ruling party in Africa.

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**What happens:** hold, serve, rule, be · **To what, where:** Constitution, 1961, serving ruling party, Africa

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Tanzania». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Tanzania:185
# text = It has held power since independence in 1961, and is the longest-serving ruling party in Africa.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	since	since	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	independence	independence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	1961	1961	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
13	longest	long	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	15	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	serving	serve	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	amod	_	_
16	ruling	rule	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	amod	_	_
17	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present · perfect · passive |  | Constitution |  | 1961 | since independence | power *obj* | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: subject=Theme power=Eventuality |
| 2 | **serve** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **rule** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is a** | present |  | the serving ruling party |  | Africa |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Tanzania», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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