---
title: In 2019, a new tender introduced modern minibuses with stricter safe… — Tbilisi · tree and pragmatics
description: In 2019, a new tender introduced modern minibuses with stricter safety and comfort standards. Who acts: new tender. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Tbilisi» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Tbilisi, sentence 279

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From Wikipedia, [«Tbilisi»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tbilisi), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In 2019, a new tender introduced modern minibuses with stricter safety and comfort standards.

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**Who acts:** new tender · **What happens:** introduce · **To what, where:** modern minibuses, 2019

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Tbilisi». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (new tender), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Tbilisi:279
# text = In 2019, a new tender introduced modern minibuses with stricter safety and comfort standards.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	2019	2019	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	tender	tender	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
7	introduced	introduce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	modern	modern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	minibuses	minibus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	stricter	strict	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	12	amod	_	_
12	safety	safety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	comfort	comfort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	standards	standard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **introduce** | participle | a new tender *not said here* | modern minibuses |  |  |  | with stricter safety and comfort standards | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent minibus=Patient with safety=Instrument |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Tbilisi», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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