---
title: During the Battle of Robat Karim, Iranian forces led by Heydar Latif… — Tehran · tree and pragmatics
description: During the Battle of Robat Karim, Iranian forces led by Heydar Latifiyan prevented the Russians from taking Tehran, despite the latter winning the battle. Who acts: Iranian forces, latter. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Tehran» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Tehran, sentence 70

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From Wikipedia, [«Tehran»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tehran), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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During the Battle of Robat Karim, Iranian forces led by Heydar Latifiyan prevented the Russians from taking Tehran, despite the latter winning the battle.

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**Who acts:** Iranian forces, latter · **What happens:** lead, prevent, take, win · **To what, where:** Iranian forces, Russians, Tehran, battle

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Tehran». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Iranian forces, latter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Tehran:70
# text = During the Battle of Robat Karim, Iranian forces led by Heydar Latifiyan prevented the Russians from taking Tehran, despite the latter winning the battle.
1	During	during	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Battle	Battle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Robat	Robat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	Karim	Karim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
8	Iranian	Iranian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	forces	force	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
10	led	lead	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Heydar	Heydar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl:agent	_	_
13	Latifiyan	Latifiyan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	prevented	prevent	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Russians	Russian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
17	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
18	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	advcl	_	_
19	Tehran	Tehran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	despite	despite	ADP	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	latter	latter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	nsubj	_	_
24	winning	win	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	advcl	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | participle |  | Iranian forces *not said here* |  |  |  | Heydar *obl:agent* | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 2 | **prevent** | past | Iranian forces | the Russians |  |  | during the Battle of Robat |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer russian=Theme |
| 3 | **take** | gerund | Iranian forces *not said here* |  | Tehran |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument tehran=Destination |
| 4 | **win** | gerund | the latter | the battle |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent battle=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Tehran», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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