---
title: After two years of direct rule, a new constitution was written and i… — The Gambia · tree and pragmatics
description: After two years of direct rule, a new constitution was written and in 1996, the leader of the AFPRC, Yahya Jammeh, was elected as president. A sentence of Wikipedia's «The Gambia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# The Gambia, sentence 137

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From Wikipedia, [«The Gambia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gambia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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After two years of direct rule, a new constitution was written and in 1996, the leader of the AFPRC, Yahya Jammeh, was elected as president.

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**What happens:** write, elect · **To what, where:** new constitution, leader, 1996

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «The Gambia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:The_Gambia:137
# text = After two years of direct rule, a new constitution was written and in 1996, the leader of the AFPRC, Yahya Jammeh, was elected as president.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	direct	direct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	constitution	constitution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	1996	1996	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	leader	leader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	AFPRC	AFPRC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	Yahya	Yahya	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	_
24	Jammeh	Jammeh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
26	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux:pass	_	_
27	elected	elect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
28	as	as	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	president	president	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past · passive |  | a new constitution |  |  | year |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **elect** | past · passive |  | the leader of the AFPRC and Yahya |  | 1996 |  | as president | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme as president=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «The Gambia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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