---
title: The 4 December 2021 election, the first since former dictator Yahya… — The Gambia · tree and pragmatics
description: The 4 December 2021 election, the first since former dictator Yahya Jammeh fled into exile, was seen as crucial for the young democracy. Who acts: December election. A sentence of Wikipedia's «The Gambia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# The Gambia, sentence 178

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From Wikipedia, [«The Gambia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gambia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The 4 December 2021 election, the first since former dictator Yahya Jammeh fled into exile, was seen as crucial for the young democracy.

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**Who acts:** December election · **What happens:** flee, see · **To what, where:** exile

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «The Gambia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (December election), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:The_Gambia:178
# text = The 4 December 2021 election, the first since former dictator Yahya Jammeh fled into exile, was seen as crucial for the young democracy.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	December	December	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
4	2021	2021	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nmod:unmarked	_	_
5	election	election	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	amod	_	_
9	since	since	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	former	former	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	dictator	dictator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	Yahya	Yahya	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	_
13	Jammeh	Jammeh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
14	fled	flee	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	into	into	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	exile	exile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	conj	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	crucial	crucial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	obl	_	_
22	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	democracy	democracy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flee** | past | the December election |  |  | exile |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into exile=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **see** | past · passive | the December election *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as crucial; for the young democracy | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: as crucial=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «The Gambia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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