---
title: Letters patent from Queen Elizabeth I confirmed the grant. — The Gambia · tree and pragmatics
description: Letters patent from Queen Elizabeth I confirmed the grant. Who acts: Letters, I. A sentence of Wikipedia's «The Gambia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# The Gambia, sentence 43

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From Wikipedia, [«The Gambia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gambia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Letters patent from Queen Elizabeth I confirmed the grant.

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**Who acts:** Letters, I · **What happens:** patent, confirm · **To what, where:** Elizabeth, grant

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «The Gambia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Letters, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:The_Gambia:43
# text = Letters patent from Queen Elizabeth I confirmed the grant.
1	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	patent	patent	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	Queen	Queen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod:desc	_	_
5	Elizabeth	Elizabeth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	confirmed	confirm	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	grant	grant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **patent** | present | Letters |  |  | Elizabeth  Queen |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **confirm** | past | I | the grant |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot grant=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «The Gambia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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