---
title: In 1891, a joint Anglo-French Boundary Commission faced resistance f… — The Gambia · tree and pragmatics
description: In 1891, a joint Anglo-French Boundary Commission faced resistance from local leaders whose lands would be divided. Who acts: joint. A sentence of Wikipedia's «The Gambia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# The Gambia, sentence 56

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From Wikipedia, [«The Gambia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gambia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In 1891, a joint Anglo-French Boundary Commission faced resistance from local leaders whose lands would be divided.

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**Who acts:** joint · **What happens:** face, divide · **To what, where:** resistance, lands

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «The Gambia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (joint), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:The_Gambia:56
# text = In 1891, a joint Anglo-French Boundary Commission faced resistance from local leaders whose lands would be divided.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1891	1891	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	joint	joint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
6	Anglo	Anglo	X	AFX	_	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	amod	_	_
9	Boundary	Boundary	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	Commission	Commission	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
11	faced	face	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	resistance	resistance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	leaders	leader	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
16	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	lands	land	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	divided	divide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **face** | past | a joint  Anglo French Boundary Commission | resistance |  |  |  | from local leaders; in 1891 | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent resistance=Destination in 1891=Theme |
| 2 | **divide** | would · passive |  | lands |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «The Gambia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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