---
title: Fretilin resisted the invasion, initially as an army, holding territ… — Timor-Leste · tree and pragmatics
description: Fretilin resisted the invasion, initially as an army, holding territory until November 1978, and then as a guerrilla resistance. Who acts: Fretilin, army. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Timor-Leste» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Timor-Leste, sentence 67

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From Wikipedia, [«Timor-Leste»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor-Leste), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Fretilin resisted the invasion, initially as an army, holding territory until November 1978, and then as a guerrilla resistance.

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**Who acts:** Fretilin, army · **What happens:** resist, hold · **To what, where:** invasion, territory

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Timor-Leste». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fretilin, army), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Timor-Leste:67
# text = Fretilin resisted the invasion, initially as an army, holding territory until November 1978, and then as a guerrilla resistance.
1	Fretilin	Fretilin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	resisted	resist	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	invasion	invasion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	initially	initially	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	holding	hold	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
12	territory	territory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
13	until	until	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	November	November	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod:unmarked	_	_
15	1978	1978	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
18	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	22	advmod	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	guerrilla	guerrilla	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	resistance	resistance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **resist** | past | Fretilin | the invasion |  |  |  | as a army; as a guerrilla resistance | tree rules |
| 2 | **hold** | gerund | a army *not said here* | territory |  |  | until 1978  November |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent territory=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Timor-Leste», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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