---
title: In the 19th and 20th centuries, the city had a rate of growth of les… — Tirana · tree and pragmatics
description: In the 19th and 20th centuries, the city had a rate of growth of less than 1% annually until the 1970s, then down to less than 8% per year until the middle 20th century figures. Who acts: city. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Tirana» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Tirana, sentence 226

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From Wikipedia, [«Tirana»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tirana), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In the 19th and 20th centuries, the city had a rate of growth of less than 1% annually until the 1970s, then down to less than 8% per year until the middle 20th century figures.

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**Who acts:** city · **What happens:** have · **To what, where:** rate

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Tirana». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (city), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Tirana:226
# text = In the 19th and 20th centuries, the city had a rate of growth of less than 1% annually until the 1970s, then down to less than 8% per year until the middle 20th century figures.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
3	19th	19th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	6	amod	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	20th	20th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	3	conj	_	_
6	centuries	century	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	rate	rate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	18	advmod	_	_
17	than	than	ADP	IN	_	16	fixed	_	_
18	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	%	%	SYM	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
20	annually	annually	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	until	until	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	1970s	1970s	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	26	advmod	_	_
26	down	down	ADV	RB	_	10	conj	_	_
27	to	to	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
28	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	33	advmod	_	_
29	than	than	ADP	IN	_	28	fixed	_	_
30	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	31	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	%	%	SYM	NN	Number=Sing	33	compound	_	_
32	per	per	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
34	until	until	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
36	middle	middle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
37	20th	20th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	38	amod	_	_
38	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	compound	_	_
39	figures	figure	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the city | a rate of growth |  |  | until the 1970s; until century figures; century |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rate=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Tirana», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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