---
title: Pōhiva, however, had been subjected to harassment in the form of bar… — Tonga · tree and pragmatics
description: Pōhiva, however, had been subjected to harassment in the form of barratry (frequent lawsuits). A sentence of Wikipedia's «Tonga» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Tonga, sentence 91

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From Wikipedia, [«Tonga»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonga), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Pōhiva, however, had been subjected to harassment in the form of barratry (frequent lawsuits).

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**What happens:** subject, form · **To what, where:** form, barratry

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Tonga». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Tonga:91
# text = Pōhiva, however, had been subjected to harassment in the form of barratry (frequent lawsuits).
1	Pōhiva	Pōhiva	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	however	however	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	subjected	subject	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	harassment	harassment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	barratry	barratry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	frequent	frequent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	lawsuits	lawsuit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **subject** | past · perfect · passive |  |  |  | the form of barratry |  | to harassment; Pōhiva *vocative*; however *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **form** |  |  | barratry |  |  |  |  | nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Tonga», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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