---
title: Turkey has been characterized as an emerging, rising, middle, quasi-… — Turkey · tree and pragmatics
description: Turkey has been characterized as an emerging, rising, middle, quasi-regional, and a regional power. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Turkey» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Turkey, sentence 308

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From Wikipedia, [«Turkey»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkey), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Turkey has been characterized as an emerging, rising, middle, quasi-regional, and a regional power.

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**What happens:** characterize, emerge, rise · **To what, where:** Turkey

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Turkey». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Turkey:308
# text = Turkey has been characterized as an emerging, rising, middle, quasi-regional, and a regional power.
1	Turkey	Turkey	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	characterized	characterize	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	emerging	emerge	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	rising	rise	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	middle	middle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	quasi	quasi	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	regional	regional	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	regional	regional	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **characterize** | present · perfect · passive |  | Turkey |  |  |  | a regional power *conj* | vn characterize-29.2-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **emerge** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **rise** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Turkey», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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