---
title: Turkmenistan's exports of natural gas to Iran, estimated at 12 bcma,… — Turkmenistan · tree and pragmatics
description: Turkmenistan's exports of natural gas to Iran, estimated at 12 bcma, ended on 1 January 2017, when Turkmengaz unilaterally cut off deliveries, citing payment arrears. Who acts: exports. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Turkmenistan» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Turkmenistan, sentence 225

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From Wikipedia, [«Turkmenistan»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmenistan), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Turkmenistan's exports of natural gas to Iran, estimated at 12 bcma, ended on 1 January 2017, when Turkmengaz unilaterally cut off deliveries, citing payment arrears.

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**Who acts:** exports · **What happens:** estimate, end, cut off, cite · **To what, where:** natural gas, 12 bcma, deliveries, payment arrears

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Turkmenistan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (exports), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Turkmenistan:225
# text = Turkmenistan's exports of natural gas to Iran, estimated at 12 bcma, ended on 1 January 2017, when Turkmengaz unilaterally cut off deliveries, citing payment arrears.
1	Turkmenistan	Turkmenistan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	exports	export	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	natural	natural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Iran	Iran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	estimated	estimate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	bcma	bcma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	ended	end	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
18	January	January	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obl:agent	_	_
19	2017	2017	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	24	advmod	_	_
22	Turkmengaz	Turkmengaz	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
23	unilaterally	unilaterally	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	cut	cut	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
25	off	off	ADP	RP	_	24	compound:prt	_	_
26	deliveries	delivery	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	citing	cite	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	24	advcl	_	_
29	payment	payment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	_
30	arrears	arrear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **estimate** | participle |  | natural gas to Iran *not said here* |  | 12 bcma |  |  | vn estimate-34.2-1 «NP V NP PP.value»: agent=Agent at bcma=Value |
| 2 | **end** | participle |  | 12 bcma *not said here* |  |  | january |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **cut off** | past | Turkmenistan's exports of natural gas to Iran | deliveries |  |  |  | Turkmengaz *nsubj*; unilaterally *property* | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector delivery=Eventuality |
| 4 | **cite** | gerund | Turkmenistan's exports of natural gas to Iran *not said here* | payment arrears |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arrear=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Turkmenistan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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