---
title: These alterations to the reef and shoreline resulted in changes to w… — Tuvalu · tree and pragmatics
description: These alterations to the reef and shoreline resulted in changes to wave patterns, with less sand accumulating to form the beaches, compared to former times. Who acts: less sand. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Tuvalu» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Tuvalu, sentence 153

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From Wikipedia, [«Tuvalu»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuvalu), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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These alterations to the reef and shoreline resulted in changes to wave patterns, with less sand accumulating to form the beaches, compared to former times.

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**Who acts:** less sand · **What happens:** result, wave, accumulate, form, compare · **To what, where:** alterations, changes, patterns, beaches

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Tuvalu». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (less sand), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Tuvalu:153
# text = These alterations to the reef and shoreline resulted in changes to wave patterns, with less sand accumulating to form the beaches, compared to former times.
1	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	alterations	alteration	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	reef	reef	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	shoreline	shoreline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	resulted	result	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	changes	change	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	wave	wave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
13	patterns	pattern	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	17	amod	_	_
17	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
18	accumulating	accumulate	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	acl	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	form	form	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	beaches	beach	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	compared	compare	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	acl	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	former	former	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **result** | participle |  | this alterations to the reef and shoreline *not said here* |  | changes |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in change=Location |
| 2 | **wave** | to-infinitive |  | patterns |  |  |  | with less sand | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pattern=Patient |
| 3 | **accumulate** | gerund | less sand *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **form** | to-infinitive | less sand *not said here* | the beaches |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location beach=Theme |
| 5 | **compare** | participle |  | the beaches *not said here* |  |  | time |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Tuvalu», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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