---
title: As part of its modernisation after the beginning of the Russo-Ukrain… — Ukraine · tree and pragmatics
description: As part of its modernisation after the beginning of the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014, junior officers were allowed to take more initiative and a territorial defence force of volunteers was established. Who acts: junior officers, member. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Ukraine» with its dependency tree and
---

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# Ukraine, sentence 328

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From Wikipedia, [«Ukraine»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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As part of its modernisation after the beginning of the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014, junior officers were allowed to take more initiative and a territorial defence force of volunteers was established.

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**Who acts:** junior officers, member · **What happens:** allow, take, establish, modernise, begin · **To what, where:** junior officers, more initiative, territorial defence force, Russo Ukrainian War

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ukraine». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (junior officers, member), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Ukraine:328
# text = As part of its modernisation after the beginning of the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014, junior officers were allowed to take more initiative and a territorial defence force of volunteers was established.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	modernisation	modernisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	beginning	beginning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
11	Russo	Russo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	Ukrainian	Ukrainian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	War	War	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	2014	2014	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
18	junior	junior	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	officers	officer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
20	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	xcomp	_	_
24	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	25	amod	_	_
25	initiative	initiative	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
28	territorial	territorial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
29	defence	defence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	_
30	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj:pass	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	volunteers	volunteer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nmod	_	_
33	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux:pass	_	_
34	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **allow** | past · passive |  | junior officers |  |  |  | as part of member's modernisation after the beginning of the Russo Ukrainian War in 2014 | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **take** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | junior officers *not said here* | more initiative |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent initiative=Theme |
| 3 | **establish** | past · passive |  | a territorial defence force of volunteers |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **modernise** |  | member |  |  |  | after the beginning of the Russo Ukrainian War |  | nom modernisation «act transitive»: poss=agent after=obl |
| 5 | **begin** |  |  | the Russo Ukrainian War |  |  |  |  | nom beginning «event transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Ukraine», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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