---
title: Due to worsening congestion and growth, a number of proposals have b… — Ulaanbaatar · tree and pragmatics
description: Due to worsening congestion and growth, a number of proposals have been made to improve the city's transport infrastructure, such as the short-lived Ulaanbaatar Railbus, and the proposed subway system and tram. Who acts: number. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Ulaanbaatar» with its dependency tree and pr
---

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# Ulaanbaatar, sentence 320

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From Wikipedia, [«Ulaanbaatar»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulaanbaatar), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Due to worsening congestion and growth, a number of proposals have been made to improve the city's transport infrastructure, such as the short-lived Ulaanbaatar Railbus, and the proposed subway system and tram.

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**Who acts:** number · **What happens:** worsen, make, improve, live, propose · **To what, where:** number, transport infrastructure

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Ulaanbaatar». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (number), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Ulaanbaatar:320
# text = Due to worsening congestion and growth, a number of proposals have been made to improve the city's transport infrastructure, such as the short-lived Ulaanbaatar Railbus, and the proposed subway system and tram.
1	Due	due	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	4	case	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	worsening	worsen	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	amod	_	_
4	congestion	congestion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	proposals	proposal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
12	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	improve	improve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	's	's	PART	POS	_	18	case	_	_
20	transport	transport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
23	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	30	case	_	_
24	as	as	ADP	IN	_	23	fixed	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
26	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	lived	live	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	30	amod	_	_
29	Ulaanbaatar	Ulaanbaatar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	_
30	Railbus	Railbus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
34	proposed	propose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	36	amod	_	_
35	subway	subway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	compound	_	_
36	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	tram	tram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **worsen** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | present · perfect · passive |  | a number of proposals |  |  |  | due worsening congestion and growth; the proposed subway system and tram *obl* | tree rules |
| 3 | **improve** | to-infinitive | a number of proposals *not said here* | the city's transport infrastructure |  |  |  | such the lived Ulaanbaatar Railbus | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent infrastructure=Patient |
| 4 | **live** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **propose** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Ulaanbaatar», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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