---
title: National infrastructure, including transcontinental telegraph and ra… — United States · tree and pragmatics
description: National infrastructure, including transcontinental telegraph and railroads, spurred growth in the American frontier. A sentence of Wikipedia's «United States» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# United States, sentence 106

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From Wikipedia, [«United States»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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National infrastructure, including transcontinental telegraph and railroads, spurred growth in the American frontier.

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**What happens:** spur · **To what, where:** National infrastructure

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «United States». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:United_States:106
# text = National infrastructure, including transcontinental telegraph and railroads, spurred growth in the American frontier.
1	National	national	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	infrastructure	infrastructure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	including	including	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	transcontinental	transcontinental	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	telegraph	telegraph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	railroads	railroad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	spurred	spur	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	frontier	frontier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spur** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulate-59.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «United States», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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