---
title: While European settlers in what is now the United States experienced… — United States · tree and pragmatics
description: While European settlers in what is now the United States experienced conflicts with Native Americans, they also engaged in trade, exchanging European tools for food and animal pelts. Who acts: United States, States. A sentence of Wikipedia's «United States» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# United States, sentence 52

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From Wikipedia, [«United States»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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While European settlers in what is now the United States experienced conflicts with Native Americans, they also engaged in trade, exchanging European tools for food and animal pelts.

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**Who acts:** United States, States · **What happens:** be, engage, exchange · **To what, where:** trade, European tools

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «United States». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (United States, States), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:United_States:52
# text = While European settlers in what is now the United States experienced conflicts with Native Americans, they also engaged in trade, exchanging European tools for food and animal pelts.
1	While	while	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	settlers	settler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
7	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	United	United	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	States	State	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	experienced	experience	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
12	conflicts	conflict	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	Native	native	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	Americans	American	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	also	also	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	engaged	engage	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	trade	trade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	exchanging	exchange	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	advcl	_	_
24	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	tools	tool	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
26	for	for	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	_
30	pelts	pelt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the United States |  |  |  | now | with Native Americans; conflicts *obj*; experience *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **engage** | past | States *= state* |  |  |  |  | in trade *goal* | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent in trade=Goal |
| 3 | **exchange** | gerund | States *= state* *not said here* | European tools |  |  |  | for food and animal pelts | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent tool=Theme for food=Co-Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «United States», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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