---
title: Cultural movements in art and craftsmanship in colonial America gene… — United States · tree and pragmatics
description: Cultural movements in art and craftsmanship in colonial America generally lagged behind those of Western Europe. Who acts: Cultural movements. A sentence of Wikipedia's «United States» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# United States, sentence 528

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From Wikipedia, [«United States»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Cultural movements in art and craftsmanship in colonial America generally lagged behind those of Western Europe.

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**Who acts:** Cultural movements · **What happens:** lag · **To what, where:** those

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «United States». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cultural movements), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:United_States:528
# text = Cultural movements in art and craftsmanship in colonial America generally lagged behind those of Western Europe.
1	Cultural	cultural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	movements	movement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	craftsmanship	craftsmanship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	colonial	colonial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
10	generally	generally	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	lagged	lag	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	11	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	Western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lag** | past | Cultural movements in art and craftsmanship in colonial America |  |  | those of Western Europe |  | generally *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «United States», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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