--- title: A few years earlier French explorer Louis Antoine de Bougainville ha… — Vanuatu · tree and pragmatics description: A few years earlier French explorer Louis Antoine de Bougainville had named the islands Archipel des grandes Cyclades ("Archipelago of the Great Cyclades"), but this name was replaced in French by Nouvelles-Hébrides, a translation of Cook's name. Who acts: Nouvelles, name, Cook. A sentence of Wikipe --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Vanuatu/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Vanuatu](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Vanuatu/) / 14 # Vanuatu, sentence 14 From Wikipedia, [«Vanuatu»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanuatu), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too. A few years earlier French explorer Louis Antoine de Bougainville had named the islands Archipel des grandes Cyclades ("Archipelago of the Great Cyclades"), but this name was replaced in French by Nouvelles-Hébrides, a translation of Cook's name. **Who acts:** Nouvelles, name, Cook · **What happens:** name, replace, translate · **To what, where:** French explorer, name, French This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Vanuatu». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nouvelles, name, Cook), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = wikipedia:Vanuatu:14 # text = A few years earlier French explorer Louis Antoine de Bougainville had named the islands Archipel des grandes Cyclades ("Archipelago of the Great Cyclades"), but this name was replaced in French by Nouvelles-Hébrides, a translation of Cook's name. 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl:unmarked _ _ 4 earlier early ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 12 advmod _ _ 5 French French ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 explorer explorer NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj:pass _ _ 7 Louis Louis PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nsubj:pass _ _ 8 Antoine Antoine PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 flat _ _ 9 de de ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 Bougainville Bougainville PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 11 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux _ _ 12 named name VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 islands island NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obj _ _ 15 Archipel Archipel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 compound _ _ 16 des des X FW _ 17 compound _ _ 17 grandes grande NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ _ 18 Cyclades Cyclade PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 14 nmod _ _ 19 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 21 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 20 " " PUNCT `` _ 21 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 21 Archipelago Archipelago PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 appos _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 24 Great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 Cyclades Cyclade PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 21 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 26 " " PUNCT '' _ 21 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 27 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 21 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 29 but but CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 30 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 31 det _ _ 31 name name NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj:pass _ _ 32 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 33 aux:pass _ _ 33 replaced replace VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 12 conj _ _ 34 in in ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 French French PROPN NNP Number=Sing 33 obl _ _ 36 by by ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 Nouvelles Nouvelles PROPN NNP Number=Sing 33 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 38 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 39 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 39 Hébrides Hébrides PROPN NNP Number=Sing 37 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 40 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 41 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 translation translation NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 appos _ _ 43 of of ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 44 Cook Cook PROPN NNP Number=Sing 46 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 45 's 's PART POS _ 44 case _ _ 46 name name NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 47 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **name** | past · perfect · passive | | French explorer | | | | Louis de Bougainville *nsubj:pass*; the islands Cyclades Archipel des grandes *obj*; early *property* | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Theme island=Attribute | | 2 | **replace** | past · passive | Nouvelles and Hébrides | this name | | French | | | vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Co-Theme | | 3 | **translate** | | Cook's name | | | | | | nom translation «communication intransitive»: of=agent | | 4 | **name** | | Cook | | | | | | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Vanuatu», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0. - ← previous: [sentence 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Vanuatu/13/) - next →: [sentence 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Vanuatu/15/) - ↑ back to [Vanuatu](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Vanuatu/)