---
title: Additionally, the lack of employment opportunities in industry and i… — Vanuatu · tree and pragmatics
description: Additionally, the lack of employment opportunities in industry and inaccessibility to markets have combined to lock rural families into a subsistence or self-reliance mode, putting tremendous pressure on local ecosystems. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Vanuatu» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Vanuatu, sentence 220

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From Wikipedia, [«Vanuatu»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanuatu), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Additionally, the lack of employment opportunities in industry and inaccessibility to markets have combined to lock rural families into a subsistence or self-reliance mode, putting tremendous pressure on local ecosystems.

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**What happens:** combine, lock, put, lack · **To what, where:** lack, rural families, subsistence, tremendous pressure, local ecosystems, employment opportunities

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Vanuatu». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Vanuatu:220
# text = Additionally, the lack of employment opportunities in industry and inaccessibility to markets have combined to lock rural families into a subsistence or self-reliance mode, putting tremendous pressure on local ecosystems.
1	Additionally	additionally	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	lack	lack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	employment	employment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	opportunities	opportunity	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	industry	industry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	inaccessibility	inaccessibility	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	markets	market	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
14	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	combined	combine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	lock	lock	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
18	rural	rural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	families	family	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
20	into	into	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	subsistence	subsistence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
24	self	self	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	reliance	reliance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
27	mode	mode	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	putting	put	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
30	tremendous	tremendous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	pressure	pressure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
32	on	on	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	ecosystems	ecosystem	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **combine** | present · perfect · passive |  | the lack of employment opportunities in industry and inaccessibility to markets |  |  |  | additionally *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **lock** | to-infinitive |  | rural families |  | a subsistence or reliance mode |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent family=Patient |
| 3 | **put** | gerund |  | tremendous pressure |  | local ecosystems |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent pressure=Theme on ecosystem=Destination |
| 4 | **lack** |  |  | employment opportunities in industry and inaccessibility to markets |  |  |  |  | nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Vanuatu», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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