---
title: Several ancient burial sites have been excavated, most notably Teoum… — Vanuatu · tree and pragmatics
description: Several ancient burial sites have been excavated, most notably Teouma on Éfaté, which has a large ancient cemetery containing the remains of 94 individuals. Who acts: Teouma, large ancient cemetery. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Vanuatu» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Vanuatu, sentence 25

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From Wikipedia, [«Vanuatu»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanuatu), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Several ancient burial sites have been excavated, most notably Teouma on Éfaté, which has a large ancient cemetery containing the remains of 94 individuals.

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**Who acts:** Teouma, large ancient cemetery · **What happens:** excavate, have, contain · **To what, where:** Several ancient burial sites, large ancient cemetery, remains

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Vanuatu». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Teouma, large ancient cemetery), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Vanuatu:25
# text = Several ancient burial sites have been excavated, most notably Teouma on Éfaté, which has a large ancient cemetery containing the remains of 94 individuals.
1	Several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
2	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	burial	burial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	sites	site	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	excavated	excavate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
9	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	10	advmod	_	_
10	notably	notably	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
11	Teouma	Teouma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Éfaté	Éfaté	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
16	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
19	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	cemetery	cemetery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
21	containing	contain	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	acl	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	remains	remains	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	21	obj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	94	94	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	26	nummod	_	_
26	individuals	individual	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **excavate** | present · perfect · passive |  | Several ancient burial sites |  |  |  |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Location |
| 2 | **have** | present | Teouma on Éfaté | a large ancient cemetery |  |  |  | which *nsubj*; notably *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cemetery=Patient |
| 3 | **contain** | gerund | a large ancient cemetery *not said here* | the remains of 94 individuals |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot remains=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Vanuatu», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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