---
title: Venezuela falls into four horizontal temperature zones based primari… — Venezuela · tree and pragmatics
description: Venezuela falls into four horizontal temperature zones based primarily on elevation, having tropical, dry, temperate with dry winters, and polar (alpine tundra) climates, amongst others. Who acts: Venezuela, elevation. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Venezuela» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Venezuela, sentence 262

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From Wikipedia, [«Venezuela»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuela), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Venezuela falls into four horizontal temperature zones based primarily on elevation, having tropical, dry, temperate with dry winters, and polar (alpine tundra) climates, amongst others.

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**Who acts:** Venezuela, elevation · **What happens:** fall, base, have · **To what, where:** polar tundra climates, four horizontal temperature zones

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Venezuela». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Venezuela, elevation), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Venezuela:262
# text = Venezuela falls into four horizontal temperature zones based primarily on elevation, having tropical, dry, temperate with dry winters, and polar (alpine tundra) climates, amongst others.
1	Venezuela	Venezuela	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	falls	fall	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
5	horizontal	horizontal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
6	temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	zones	zone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	based	base	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	case	_	_
9	primarily	primarily	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	elevation	elevation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
14	tropical	tropical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	temperate	temperate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	conj	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	winters	winter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	polar	polar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
25	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	alpine	alpine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	tundra	tundra	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	27	punct	_	_
29	climates	climate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	amongst	amongst	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | present | Venezuela | polar tundra climates and others |  | four horizontal temperature zones base elevation |  |  | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient climate=Result |
| 2 | **base** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **have** | gerund | elevation *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tropical *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Venezuela», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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