---
title: Under Hugo Chávez a 2001 law placed limits on foreign investment. — Venezuela · tree and pragmatics
description: Under Hugo Chávez a 2001 law placed limits on foreign investment. Who acts: 2001 law. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Venezuela» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Venezuela, sentence 540

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From Wikipedia, [«Venezuela»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuela), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Under Hugo Chávez a 2001 law placed limits on foreign investment.

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**Who acts:** 2001 law · **What happens:** place · **To what, where:** limits, Hugo

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Venezuela». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (2001 law), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Venezuela:540
# text = Under Hugo Chávez a 2001 law placed limits on foreign investment.
1	Under	under	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Hugo	Hugo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
3	Chávez	Chávez	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	2001	2001	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	placed	place	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	limits	limit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	investment	investment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **place** | past | a 2001 law | limits |  | Hugo |  | on foreign investment | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent limit=Theme on investment=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Venezuela», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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