---
title: Between one-quarter and one-third of Venezuela's population was lost… — Venezuela · tree and pragmatics
description: Between one-quarter and one-third of Venezuela's population was lost during these two decades of war (including about half the Venezuelans of European descent), which by 1830 was estimated at 800,000. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Venezuela» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Venezuela, sentence 87

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From Wikipedia, [«Venezuela»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuela), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Between one-quarter and one-third of Venezuela's population was lost during these two decades of war (including about half the Venezuelans of European descent), which by 1830 was estimated at 800,000.

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**What happens:** lose, include, estimate · **To what, where:** one quarter, Venezuelans, 800,000

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Venezuela». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Venezuela:87
# text = Between one-quarter and one-third of Venezuela's population was lost during these two decades of war (including about half the Venezuelans of European descent), which by 1830 was estimated at 800,000.
1	Between	between	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	quarter	quarter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	third	third	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	Venezuela	Venezuela	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	population	population	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
15	during	during	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	18	det	_	_
17	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
18	decades	decade	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
21	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	including	include	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	26	case	_	_
23	about	about	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	half	half	DET	PDT	NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac|PronType=Ind	26	det:predet	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	Venezuelans	Venezuelan	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	descent	descent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
32	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	36	nsubj:pass	_	_
33	by	by	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	1830	1830	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	36	obl	_	_
35	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	aux:pass	_	_
36	estimated	estimate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	acl	_	_
37	at	at	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	800,000	800,000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	36	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | past · passive |  | one quarter and one third of Venezuela's population |  |  | decade |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
| 2 | **include** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **estimate** | past · passive |  | half Venezuelans of European descent |  | 800,000 |  | by 1830 | vn estimate-34.2-1 «NP V NP PP.value»: subject=Attribute at 800,000=Value |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Venezuela», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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