---
title: By the early 10th century, northern Vietnam had gained autonomy, but… — Vietnam · tree and pragmatics
description: By the early 10th century, northern Vietnam had gained autonomy, but not sovereignty, under the Khúc family. Who acts: northern Vietnam. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Vietnam» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Vietnam, sentence 59

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From Wikipedia, [«Vietnam»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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By the early 10th century, northern Vietnam had gained autonomy, but not sovereignty, under the Khúc family.

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**Who acts:** northern Vietnam · **What happens:** gain · **To what, where:** autonomy

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Vietnam». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (northern Vietnam), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Vietnam:59
# text = By the early 10th century, northern Vietnam had gained autonomy, but not sovereignty, under the Khúc family.
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	10th	10th	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	5	amod	_	_
5	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	Vietnam	Vietnam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	gained	gain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
11	autonomy	autonomy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
15	sovereignty	sovereignty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	under	under	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	Khúc	Khúc	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gain** | past · perfect | northern Vietnam | autonomy but sovereignty |  |  | century | the Khúc family *parataxis* | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent autonomy=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Vietnam», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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