---
title: Warsaw experiences an oceanic (Köppen: Cfb) or humid continental (Kö… — Warsaw · tree and pragmatics
description: Warsaw experiences an oceanic (Köppen: Cfb) or humid continental (Köppen: Dfb) climate, depending on the isotherm used; although the city used to be humid continental regardless of isotherm prior to the recent effect of climate change and the city's urban heat island. Who acts: Warsaw, city. A sente
---

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# Warsaw, sentence 162

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From Wikipedia, [«Warsaw»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Warsaw experiences an oceanic (Köppen: Cfb) or humid continental (Köppen: Dfb) climate, depending on the isotherm used; although the city used to be humid continental regardless of isotherm prior to the recent effect of climate change and the city's urban heat island.

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**Who acts:** Warsaw, city · **What happens:** experience, depend, use, be, effect · **To what, where:** oceanic, isotherm, humid continental regardless, climate change

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Warsaw». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Warsaw, city), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Warsaw:162
# text = Warsaw experiences an oceanic (Köppen: Cfb) or humid continental (Köppen: Dfb) climate, depending on the isotherm used; although the city used to be humid continental regardless of isotherm prior to the recent effect of climate change and the city's urban heat island.
1	Warsaw	warsaw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	experiences	experience	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	oceanic	oceanic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Köppen	Köppen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Cfb	Cfb	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	humid	humid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	continental	continental	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
13	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	Köppen	Köppen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
16	Dfb	Dfb	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	14	punct	_	_
18	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	depending	depend	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
21	on	on	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	isotherm	isotherm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
24	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	although	although	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	34	mark	_	_
31	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	cop	_	_
32	humid	humid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
33	continental	continental	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	regardless	regardless	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	advcl	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	isotherm	isotherm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	_
37	prior	prior	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	41	case	_	_
38	to	to	ADP	IN	_	37	fixed	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
40	recent	recent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	climate	climate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	compound	_	_
44	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nmod	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	51	cc	_	_
46	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
47	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	's	's	PART	POS	_	47	case	_	_
49	urban	urban	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	51	amod	_	_
50	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	compound	_	_
51	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **experience** | present | Warsaw | a oceanic |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer oceanic=Stimulus |
| 2 | **depend** | gerund | Warsaw *not said here* |  |  |  |  | on the isotherm | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S\_ING»: agent=Agent on isotherm=Theme |
| 3 | **use** | participle |  | the isotherm *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **use** | past | the city |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is a** | to-infinitive | the city *not said here* | humid continental regardless |  |  |  | of isotherm; prior the recent effect of climate change and the city's urban heat island | tree rules |
| 6 | **effect** |  |  | climate change |  |  |  |  | nom effect «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Warsaw», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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