---
title: Bona Sforza, wife of Sigismund I of Poland, was widely accused of po… — Warsaw · tree and pragmatics
description: Bona Sforza, wife of Sigismund I of Poland, was widely accused of poisoning the duke to uphold Polish rule over Warsaw. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Warsaw» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Warsaw, sentence 46

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From Wikipedia, [«Warsaw»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Bona Sforza, wife of Sigismund I of Poland, was widely accused of poisoning the duke to uphold Polish rule over Warsaw.

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**What happens:** accuse, poison, uphold · **To what, where:** Bona, duke, Polish rule, Warsaw

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Warsaw». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Warsaw:46
# text = Bona Sforza, wife of Sigismund I of Poland, was widely accused of poisoning the duke to uphold Polish rule over Warsaw.
1	Bona	Bona	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	Sforza	Sforza	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Sigismund	Sigismund	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	conj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Poland	Poland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
12	widely	widely	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	accused	accuse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
14	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
15	poisoning	poison	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	duke	duke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	uphold	uphold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	advcl	_	_
20	Polish	polish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	over	over	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Warsaw	Warsaw	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accuse** | past · passive |  | Bona |  |  |  | widely *property* | vn suspect-81 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **poison** | gerund |  | the duke |  |  |  |  | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent duke=Patient |
| 3 | **uphold** | to-infinitive |  | Polish rule |  | Warsaw |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Warsaw», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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