---
title: Archaeological evidence, such as a cuneiform inscription, indicates… — Yerevan · tree and pragmatics
description: Archaeological evidence, such as a cuneiform inscription, indicates that the Urartian military fortress of Erebuni was founded in 782 BC by the orders of King Argishti I at the site of modern-day Yerevan, to serve as a fort and citadel guarding against attacks from the north Caucasus. Who acts: Arch
---

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# Yerevan, sentence 56

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From Wikipedia, [«Yerevan»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yerevan), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Archaeological evidence, such as a cuneiform inscription, indicates that the Urartian military fortress of Erebuni was founded in 782 BC by the orders of King Argishti I at the site of modern-day Yerevan, to serve as a fort and citadel guarding against attacks from the north Caucasus.

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**Who acts:** Archaeological evidence, orders, fort · **What happens:** indicate, found, serve, guard, order · **To what, where:** Urartian military fortress, 782, Archaeological evidence, King Argishti

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Yerevan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Archaeological evidence, orders, fort), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Yerevan:56
# text = Archaeological evidence, such as a cuneiform inscription, indicates that the Urartian military fortress of Erebuni was founded in 782 BC by the orders of King Argishti I at the site of modern-day Yerevan, to serve as a fort and citadel guarding against attacks from the north Caucasus.
1	Archaeological	archaeological	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	evidence	evidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
4	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	8	case	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	4	fixed	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	cuneiform	cuneiform	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	inscription	inscription	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	indicates	indicate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
13	Urartian	urartian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	military	military	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	fortress	fortress	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Erebuni	Erebuni	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	founded	found	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	ccomp	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	782	782	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	19	obl	_	_
22	BC	BC	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod:unmarked	_	_
23	by	by	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	orders	order	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	Argishti	Argishti	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
29	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	conj	_	_
30	at	at	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	site	site	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	modern	modern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	34	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
37	Yerevan	Yerevan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
39	to	to	PART	TO	_	40	mark	_	_
40	serve	serve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	37	parataxis	_	_
41	as	as	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	fort	fort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obl	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
45	citadel	citadel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	conj	_	_
46	guarding	guard	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	43	acl	_	_
47	against	against	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	attacks	attack	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	obl	_	_
49	from	from	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
50	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	51	det	_	_
51	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	nmod	_	_
52	Caucasus	Caucasus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	51	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **indicate** | present | Archaeological evidence *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Pivot clause=Topic |
| 2 | **found** | past · passive | the orders of King Argishti  I | the Urartian military fortress of Erebuni |  | 782  BC |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 3 | **serve** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | as a fort and citadel | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as fort=Attribute |
| 4 | **guard** | gerund | a fort and citadel *not said here* |  |  |  |  | against attacks from the north | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent against attack=Theme |
| 6 | **order** |  |  | King Argishti |  |  |  |  | nom order «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Yerevan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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