---
title: After the Kaunda regime, (from 1991) successive governments began li… — Zambia · tree and pragmatics
description: After the Kaunda regime, (from 1991) successive governments began limited reforms. Who acts: 1991 successive governments. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Zambia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Zambia, sentence 303

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From Wikipedia, [«Zambia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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After the Kaunda regime, (from 1991) successive governments began limited reforms.

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**Who acts:** 1991 successive governments · **What happens:** begin · **To what, where:** limited reforms

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Zambia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (1991 successive governments), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Zambia:303
# text = After the Kaunda regime, (from 1991) successive governments began limited reforms.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Kaunda	Kaunda	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	regime	regime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	1991	1991	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	_
10	successive	successive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	governments	government	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	limited	limited	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	reforms	reform	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | 1991 successive governments | limited reforms |  |  | after the Kaunda regime |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reform=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Zambia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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